Percentage Calculator
Ask in plain English — “20% off 79.99”, “120 incl 20% VAT” — and get the answer with the formula. Change, discounts, tax, tips, margin and markup.
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Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate a percentage of a number?
Divide the percentage by 100, then multiply by the number. For example, 15% of 240 is 0.15 × 240 = 36.
How do I work out a percentage increase or decrease?
Subtract the original value from the new value, divide by the original value, then multiply by 100. Going from 80 to 92 is (92 − 80) ÷ 80 × 100 = a 15% increase.
How do I remove VAT from a price?
Divide the price including VAT by 1 plus the rate as a decimal. With 20% VAT, £120 ÷ 1.2 = £100 before VAT, so the VAT included is £20. Subtracting 20% of £120 would give the wrong answer.
Does a 20% increase followed by a 20% decrease get back to the start?
No. 100 increased by 20% is 120, and 120 decreased by 20% is 96. The decrease is taken from the larger number, so you end up 4% lower.
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